A large category of spores (produced in a sac-like structure) that are found
everywhere in nature and include more than 3000 genera. Most Ascospores of
health or IAQ importance are identified separately by their genus (e.g.
Chaetomium) when possible on a IAQ report, and the Ascospore category is
used primarily on these reports for a large group of less important spore
types often found in quantity on outdoor air samples. On tape samples,
Ascospore is sometimes also used as a general morphological identification
(i.e. the ascus or sac structure is present) for certain samples in those
cases when the spores do not appear to represent any of the IAQ significant
genera.
Further Reading
Abdel-Gawad, K.M., & Zohri, A.A.,
Fungal flora and mycotoxins of six kinds of nut seeds for human
consumption in Saudi Arabia, Mycopathologia 124 (1993) 55-64.
Aisner, J., Schimpff, S.C.,
Bennett, J.E., Young, V.M., Wiernik, P.H., Aspergillus infections
in cancer patiens. Association with fireproofing materials in a new
hospital. J.Am. Med. Assoc. 235 (1976) 411-412.
Ajello, L., Hyalohyphomycosis and
phaeohyphomycosis: two global disease entities of public health
importance. Eur. J. Epidemiol. 1(1986) 243-251.
Al-Suwaine, A.S., Bahkali, A.H.,
Hasnain, S.M., Seasonal incidence of airborne fungal allergens in Riyadh,
Saudi Arabia. Mycopathologia 145(1999)15-22.
Alberts, B., Bray, D., Lewis, J.,
Raff, M., Roberts, K.,Watson, J.D., in "Molecular Biology of the Cell",
published by Garland Publishing, Inc, 1983.
Ali, M.I., Salama, A.M., Ali, M.T.,
Possible role of solar radiation on viability of some air fungi in Egypt.
Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitendkd. Infektionskr. Hyg. 131 (1976) 757-759.
Alexopoulos, C.J., Mims, C.W.,
Blackwell, M., Introductory mycology 4th ed. John Wiley, New York, 1996,
868.
American Conference of Governmental
Industrial Hygtienists, (ACGIH) Cincinattati, Ohio 1989, Guidelines for
the assessment of bioaerosols in the indoor environment.
Anaissie, E., Kantarjian, H.,
Jones, P., Barlogie, B., Luna, M., Lopez-Berestein, G., Bodey, G.,
Fusarium. A newly recognized fungal pathogen in inmunosuppresed patiens.
Cancer 57 (1986) 2141-2145.
Andersen, A.A., 1958. New sampler
for the collection, sozing, and enumeration of viable airborne particles.
J. Bacteriol. 76 (1958) 471-484.
Arnow, P.M., Andersen, R.L.,
Mainous, P.D., Smith, E.J., Pulmonary aspergillosisi during hospital
renovation. Am Rev. Resp. Dis. 118 (1978) 49-53.
Arnow P.M,, Sadigh, M., Costas, C.,
Weil, D., Chudy, R., Endemic and epidemic aspergillosis associated with
in-hospital replication of Aspergillus organisms. J Infect Dis 164 (1991)
998-1002.
Arx, J.A., Guarro, J., and Figueras,
M.J., The ascomycete genus Chaetomium. Nova Hedwigia Beiheft 14 (1986)
1-162.
Arx, J.A.von, Rodriguez de Miranda,
L., Smith, M.T., and Yarrow, D., The genera of Yeasts and Yeast like
fungui. C.B.S., Stud. Mycol. 14 (1977).
Bandoni, R.J., Aquatic hyphomycetes
from terrestrial litter. In: Wicklow, D.T., Carrol, G.C., eds. The fungal
comunity. Its organization and role in the ecosystem. New York: Marcel
Dekker Inc., 1981. 693 - 708.
Bissett, J., 1984, 1991, A revision
of the genus Trichoderma I,II,III Can. J. Bot. 62 (1991) 924-931;
Can.J.Bot. 69 (1991) 2357-2372; Can. J. Bot. 69 (1991) 2373-2417.
Bocquet, P., Brucker, G.,
Integrated struggle against aspergillosis at the level of a single
hospital or a hospital cluster. Pathol Biol (Paris) 42(1994)730-736.
Burnett, H.L., and Hunter, B.B.,
Illustrated Genera of imperfect Fungi. MacMillan Publ. Co., Amsterdam.
1987.
Burge, H.A., Boise, R.J., Rutherfor,
J.A., and W.R. Solomon. Comparative recoveries of airborne fungus spores
by viable and non viable modes of vollumetric collection. Mycopathologia
61(1977)27-33.
Burge, H.A., and W.R. Solomon.
Sampling and analysis of biological aerosols. Atmos. Environm.
21(1987)451-456.
Burgess, L.W., Liddell, C.M.,
Summerell, B.A., Laboratory manual for Fusarium research, 2nd ed.
University of Sydney, Sydney. 1988.
Burton, J.R., Zachery, J.B., Bessin,
R., et al Aspergillosis in four renal transplant recipients. Ann. Intern.
Med. 77 (1972) 383-388.
Buttner, M.P., Stetzenbach, L.D.,
Monitoring airborne fungal spores in an experimental indoor environment to
evaluate sampling methods and the effects of human activity on air
sampling. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59 (1993) 219-226.
Calvo, M.A., Guarro, J., Suarez,
G., Ramirez, C. Airborne fungi in Barcelona city (Spain). Mycopathology 71
(1980) 41-43.
Calderón-Garcidueñas, L., Delgado,
R., Calderón-Gardueñas, A., Meneses, A., Ruiz, L.M., De La Garza, J.,
Acuna, H., Villareal-Calderón A., Raab-Traub, N., Devlin, R., Malignan
neoplasms of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: a series of 256
patients in Mexico City and Monterrey. Is air pollution the missing link?
Otrolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 122 (2000) 499-508.
Carmichael, J.W., Chrysosporium and
some other aleuriosporic hyphomycetes. Can. J. Bot. 40 (1962) 1137-1173.
Carmichael, J.W., Kendrick, W.B.,
Connors, I.L., and Sigler, L., Genera of Hyphomycetes. University Alberta
Press, Edmonton, 1980, 386 pp.
Cifuentes Blanco, J., M. Villegas
Ríos, J.L. Villareal-Ordáz and S. Sierra Galván. Diversity of macromycetes
in pine-evergreen oak forest in Neovolcanic Axis, Mexico. En Mycology in
Sustainable Development: Expanding Concepts, Vanishing Borders, eds.
M.E.Palm and I.H. Chapela, Parkway Publ., Boone, N.C.
Cole, G.T., and Kendrick, B.,
Taxonomic studies of Phialophora. Mycologia 65(1973)661-688.
Cooley, J.D., Wong, W.C., Jumper,
C.A., Straus, D.C., Correlation between the prevalence of certain fungi
and sick building sindrom. Occup. Environ. Med. 55 (1998) 579-584.
Cornet, M., Levy, V., Fleury, L.,
Lortholary, J., Barquins, S., Coureul, M.H., Deliere, E., Zittoun, R.,
Brucker, G., Bouvet, A., Efficacy of prevention by high-efficiency
particulate air filtration or laminar airflow against Aspergillus airborne
contamination during hospital renovation. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 20
(1999) 508-513.
Cox & Wathes, Bioaerosols handbook,
1994.
Dharmage, S., Bailey, M., Raven,
J., Mitakakis, T., Thien, F., Forbes, A.,Guest, D., Abramson, M., Walters,
E.H., Prevalence and residential determinants of fungi within homes in
Melbourne, Australia, Clin Exp Allergy 29(1999)1481-1489.
Davis, R., Summerbell, R., Haldane,
D., Dufur, A., Yu, K., Broder, I., Dales, R., Kirkbride, J., Kauri, T.,
Robertson, W., Damant, L.; Federal - Provincial Working group on
mycological Air quality in public buildings; Fungal contamination in
public buildings: A guide to recognition and Management. Health Canada,
1995.
De Hoog G.S., Hermanides-Nijhof,
E.J., The black yeast and aallied hyphomycetes. Stud. Mycol. 15 (1977)
1-222. Citado por clasificación de levaduras.
Domsch K.H., Gams, W., Anderson,
T.H. Compendium of soil fungi. New York: Academic Press, 1980. Citado por
screening de especies
Emmanuel, S.C.,Impact to lung
health of haze from forest fires: the Singapore experience. Respirology 5
(2000) 175-182.
Ezeonu, I.M., Price, D.L., Simmons,
R.B., Crow, S.A., Ahearn, D.G., Fungal production of volatiles during
growth on fiberglass. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60 (1994) 4172-4173.
Fiorina, A., Legnani, D., Fasano,
V., Cogo, A., Basnyat, B., Passalacqua, G., Scordamaglia, A., Pollen
mite and mould samplings by a personal collector at high altitude in
Nepal. J. Investig. Allergol. Clin. Immunol. 8 (1998) 85-88.
Flynn PM, Williams BG, Hetherington
SV, Williams BF, Giannini MA, Pearson TA, Aspergillus terreus during
hospital renovation. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1993 Jul;14(7):363-5.
Freire, F.C., Kozakiewicz, Z.,
Paterson, R.R., Mycoflora and mycotoxins of Brazilian cashew kernels.
Mycopathologia 145 (1999) 95-103.
Furuhashi M, Efficiency of
bacterial filtration in various commercial air filters for hospital air
conditioning. Bull Tokyo Med Dent Univ. 25 (1978) 147-155.
Garrett, M.H., Rayment, P.R.,
Hooper, M.A., Abramson, M.J., Hooper, B.M., Indoor borne fungal spores,
house dampness and associations with environmental factors and respiratory
health in children. Clin. Exp. Allergy 28 (1998) 459-467.
Gonzalez Glez. Minero, F.J., Candau,
P., Gonzalez Glez Romano, M.L., Romero, F., A study of the aeromycoflora
of Cadiz: relationship to anthropogenic activity. J. Investig. Allergol.
Clin. Immunol. 2 (1992) 211-215.
Gordon, G., Axelrod, J.L., Case
report: prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by Pseudallescheria boydii
and Clostridium limosum. Mycopathologia 89 (1985) 12-134.
Gravesen S., Nielsen, P.A., Iversen,
R., Nielsen, K.F., Microfungal contamination of Dump Buildings. Examples
of risk constructions and risk materials. Environ. Health Perspect 107
(1999) 505-508.
Green, V.W., D.Vesley, R.G., Bond,
R.G., and Michaelsen. Microbiological contamination of hospital air. Appl.
Microbiol. 10 (1962) 561-566.
Grosse G, L'Age M, Staib F.,
Peracute disseminated course of fatal Aspergillus fumigatus infection in
liver failure and corticoid therapy. A case report on the epidemiology,
pathogenesis and diagnosis of the systemic course of Aspergillus
infections. Klin Wochenschr 63 (1985) 523-528.
Guyton, A.C. and Hall, J.E., in pp
481, 531, 532 of "Textbook of Medical Physiology" ed McGraw-Hill-Interamericana
de España, 1996.
Hancock, T.,Creating health and
health promoting hospitals: a worthy challenge for the twenty-first
century. Int J Health Care Qual Assur Inc Leadersh Health Serv. 12 (1999)
VIII-XIX.
Hawksworth, D.L. and Kirsop, B.E.,
Ed. Living resources for biotechnology, Filamentous fungi, Cambridge
University Press, 1988.
Hawksworth, D.L., The fungal
dimension of biodiversity: magnitude, significance, and conservation.
Mycol. Res. 95(1991) 641-655.
Hesler, L.R., and A.H. Smith, North
American species of Lactarius. Univ. Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. xii+841pp.
Hoog, G.S. de, and Guarro, J.,
Atlas of Clinical fungi, C.B.S., Baarn, The Netherlands. 1995.
Hiipakka DW, Buffington JR1.
Resolution of sick building syndrome in a high-security facility. Appl
Occup Environ Hyg 2000 Aug;15(8):635-43.
Hirst, Ann. appl. Biol.
39(1952)257.
Hudson, H.J., Aspergilli in the air
spore at Cambridge, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 52 (1969)153-159.
Isselbacher, K.J., Braunwald, E.,
Wilson, J.D., Martin, J.B., Fauci, A.S., Kasper, D.L., en Harrison,
Principios de Medicina Interna, 13ª Ed. Interamericana Mc Graw-Hill, 1994.
pp. 1318... Octava parte
Jager E, Ruden H, Zeschmar-Lahl,
B., Composting facilities. 2. Aerogenic microorganism content at different
working areas of composting facilities. Zentralbl. Hyg. Umweltmed. 196
(1994) 367-379.
Jimenez, M., Mateo, R., Querol, A.,
Huerta, T., Hernandez, E., Mycotoxins and mycotoxigenic moulds in nuts and
sunflower seeds for human consumption. Mycopathologia 115 (1991) 122-128.
Jones, W., Morring, K., Morey, P.,
Sorensen, W., Evaluation of the Andersen viable impactor for single stage
sampling. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J., 46 (1985) 294-298.
Kendrick, B., Key to the genera of
the hyphomycetes. Mycologue, Waterloo. 1994, 107 pp.
Krasinski, K., Holzman, R.S.,
Hanna, B., Greco, M.A., Graff, M., Bhohal, M., Nososcomial fungal
pulmonary infections (Zygomycetes, Aspergillus sp.) developed in two
premature infants in a special care unit (SCU) adjacent to an area of
renovation. Infect. Control, 6 (1985) 278-282.
Kreger-van Rij, N.J.W., The yeast,
a taxonomic study, Elsevier Sci. Public, Amsterdam 1984. Citado por
clasificación de levaduras.
Largent, D.L., How to identify
Mushrooms to genus 1._ Macroscopic Features.Mad River Press, Eureka,
Calif., 86 pp.
Largent, D.L., and Baroni, T.J.,
How to identify Mushrooms to genus 6._ Modern genera. Mad River Press,
Eureka, Calif.1986, vi+277 pp.
Largent, D.L., and Thiers, H.D.,
How to identify Mushrooms to genus 2._ Field identification of genera. Mad
River Press, Eureka, Calif. 1977, vi+32 pp.
Largent, D.L., Johnson, D., and
Watling. 1977 , How to identify Mushrooms to genus 3._ Microscopic
features. Mad River Press, Eureka, Calif. 1988, viii+148 pp.
Lentino, J.R., Rosenkranz, M.A.,
Michaels, J.A:, Kurup, V.P., Rose, H.D., Rytel, M., Nosocomial
Aspergillosis. A retrospective review of airborne disease secondary to
road construction and contaminated air conditioners. Amer. J. Epidemiol.
116 (1982) 430-437.
Lie, T.S., Hofer, M.,Hohnke, C.,
Krizek, L., Kuhnen, E., Iwantscheff, A., Koster, O., Overlack, A.,Vogel,
J., Rommelsheim, K., Aspergillosis following liver transplantation as a
hospital infection. Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. 112 (1987) 297-301.
Loo, V.G., Bertrand, C., Dixon, C.,
Vitye, D., DeSalis, B., McLean, A.P., Brox, A., Robson, H.G., Control of
construction-associated nosocomial aspergillosis in an antiquated
hematology unit. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 17 (1996) 360-364.
López-Martinez, R., Ruiz Sanchez,
D., Guadalupe Huerta, José, Esquenaze, A., Alvarez, Mª.T. Variación
estacional de hongos productores de alergía en el sur de la ciudad de
México. Allergol. et Immunopathol. 14 (1986) 43-48.
Loudon KW, Coke AP, Burnie JP, Shaw
AJ, Oppenheim BA, Morris CQ. Kitchens as a source of Aspergillus niger
infection. J. Hosp. Infect. 32 (1996) 191-198.
Mahgoub H. A., Prevalence of
airborne Aspergillus flavus in Khartoum (Sudan) Aispora with
reference to dusty weather and inoculum survival in simulated summer
conditions. Mycopathologia 104 (1988) 137-141.
Mahieu LM, De Dooy JJ, Van Laer FA,
Jansens H, Ieven MM, A prospective study on factors influencing
aspergillus spore load in the air during renovation works in a neonatal
intensive care unit. J Hosp Infect 2000 Jul;45(3):191-7.
McGrath, J.J., Wong, W.C., Cooley,
J.D., Straus, D.C., Continually measured fungal profiles in sick building
syndrome. Curr. Microbiol. 38(1999)33-36.
Miller, O.K., Jr. And Miller, H.H.,
Gasteromycetes. Morphological and development features with keys to the
Orders, Families, and Genera. Mad River Press, Eureka, Calif. X+157 pp.
Nakajima T, Azuma E, Hashimoto M,
Toyoshima K, Hayashida M, Komachi Y., Factors aggravating bronchial asthma
in urban children (I)--The involvement of indoor air pollution. Nippon
Koshu Eisei Zasshi 45 (1998) 407-422.
Nielsen, K.F., Gravesen, S.,
Nielsen, P.A., Andersen, B., Thrane, U., Frisvad, J.C., Production of
mycotoxins on artificially and naturally infested building materials.
Mycopathologgia 145 (1999) 43-56.
Nolard, N., Links between risks of
aspergillosis and environmental contamination. Review of the literature.
Pathol Biol (Paris) 42 (1994) 706-710.
Nolard, N., Invasive aspergillosis:
nosocomial origin of epidemics. Review of the literature. Bull Acad Natl
Med 180 (1996) 849-856.
Paden, J. W., A centrifugation
technique for separating ascospores from soil. Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 33
(1967) 382-384.
Petersen, R.H., Checklist of fungi
of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. National Park Service
Management Report 29.
Pieckkova, E., Jesenska, Z., Molds
on house walls and the effect of their chloroform-extractable
metaboliteson the respiratory cilia movement of one-day-old chicks in
vitro. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 43 (1998) 672-678.
Pitt, J., The genus Penicillium and
its teleomorphic states Eupenicillium and Talaromyces, New York Academic
Press, 1979.
Raper, K.B., and Fennell, D.I., The
genus Aspergillus, Ed. Robert E. Krieger Publishing Company,
Malabar, Florida, 1965, pp. 239.
Rhame, F.S., Prevention of
nosocomial aspergillosis, J. Hosp. Infec. 18 (1991) 466-472. Aspergillus
fumigatus, flavus, terreus.
Rhame, F.S., Streifel, A.J.,
Kersey, J.H. Jr., McGlave, P.B., Extrinsic risk factors for pneumonia in
the patient at high risk of infection. Am J Med 76 (1984) 42-52.
Richardson MD, Rennie S, Marshall
I, Morgan MG, Murphy JA, Shankland GS, Watson WH, Soutar RL. Fungal
survelliance of an open haematology ward. J Hosp Infect 45 (2000) 288-292.
Rose, H.D., Varkey, B., Deep
mycotic infection in the hospitalized adult: a study of 123 patiens.
Medicine 54 (1975) 499-507.
Rose, H.D., Hirsch S.R., Filtering
hospital air decreases Aspergillus spore counts. Am. Rev. Resp.
Dis. 119 (1979) 511-513.
Rotstein C, Cummings KM, Tidings J,
Killion K, Powell E, Gustafson TL, Higby D., An outbreak of invasive
aspergillosis among allogeneic bone marrow transplants: a case-control
study. Infect Control 6 (1985) 347-355.
Rossman A.Y., Tulloss, R.E.,
O'Dell, T.E., Greg Thorn, R., in "Protocols for an all taxa biodiversity
inventory of fungi in a Costa Rican conservation area", ed. Parkway
Publishers, Inc. Boone, N.C., USA, 1998, 195 pp.
Ruutu P, Valtonen V, Tiitanen L,
Elonen E, Volin L, Veijalainen P, Ruutu T., An outbreak of invasive
aspergillosis in a haematologic unit. Scand J Infect Dis 19 (1987)
347-351.
Salkin, I.F., McGinnis, M.R.,
Dykstra, M.J., Rinaldi, M.G., Scedosporium inflatum, an emerging
pathogen J. Clin. Microbiol. 26 (1988) 498-503. Lo aislan de una biopsia
ósea de una lesión osteomielítica de un niño de 6 años.
Salama, A.M., Ali, M.I., El-Kirdassay,
Z.H., Ali, T.M., A study of fungal radioresistance and sensitivity.
Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitendkd. Infektionskr. Hyg. 132 (1977) 1-13.
Samson, A., Occurrence of moulds
in modern living and working environments, Eur. J. Epidemiol. 1 (1985)
54-61.
Sayer, W.J., Shean, D.B., and
Ghosseiri, J., Estimation of airborne fungal flora by the Andersen sampler
versus the gravity settling plate.J. Allergy 44 (1969) 214-227.
Sessa A, Meroni M, Battini G,
Pitingolo F, Giordano F, Marks M, Casella P., Nosocomial outbreak of
Aspergillus fumigatus infection among patients in a renal unit? Nephrol
Dial Transplant 1996 Jul;11(7):1322-4.
Shearer, C.A., The freshwater
ascomycetes. Nova Hedwigia 56 (1993) 1-33.
Sherertz, R.J., Belani, A., Kramer,
B.S., Elfenbein, G.J., Weiner R.S., Sullivan, M.L., Thomas, R.G., Samsa,
G.P., Impact of air filtration on nosocomial Aspergillus infections.
Unique risk of bone marrow transplant recipients. Am. J. Med. 83 (1987)
709-718.
Simmons, E.G., Typification of
Alternaria Stemphylium, and Ulocladium, Mycologia, 59 (1967) 67-92.
Simmons, R.B., Price, D.L., Noble,
J.A., Crow, S.A., Ahearn, D.G., Fungal colonization of air filters from
hospitals. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 58 (1997) 900-904.
Sivanesan, A., The bitunicate
Ascomycetes and their anamorphs. J.Cramer, Vaduz, Germany. 1984, 701 pp.
Streifel, A.J., Stevens, P.P.,
Rhame, F.S., In-hospital source of airborne Penicillium species spores. J
Clin Microbiol 25 (1987) 1-4.
Summerbell, R.C., Krajden, S., and
Kane, J., Potted plants in hospitals as reservoirs of pathogenic fungi.
Mycopathology 106 (1989) 13-22.
Summerbell, R.C., The
heterobasidiomycetous yeast genus Leucosporidium in an area of
temperate climate. Can.J.Bot 61 (1983) 1402-1410.
Summerbell, R.C., Protocols for
Investigation of Indoor Fungal Amplifiers,
www.summerbell,
1999.
Taplin, D., Mertz, P.M., Flower
vases in hospitals as reservoirs of pathogens. The lancet
II(1973)1279-1281.
Thrower, S.L., Hong Kong Lichens,
Urban council, Hong Kong, 1988., incluye fotos en color de 140 especies.
Trujillo-Jurado, D., Infante
García-Pantaleón, F., Galán Soldevilla, C., Domínguez Vilches, E.,
Seasonal and daily variation of Aspergillus Mich. Ex Fr. spores in
the atmosphere of Códoba (Spain). Allergol. et Immunopathol., 18(1990)
167-173.
Verhoeff A.P., van Wijnen, J.H.,
Brunekreef B., Fischer, P., van Reenen-Hoekstra E.S., & Samsom, R.A.,
Allergy 47 (1992) 83-91.
Verhoeff A.P., van Wijnen, J.H.,
Fischer, P., Brunekreef B., Boleij J.S., van Reenen-Hoekstra E.S., Samsom,
R.A., Presence of viable mould propagupes in the indoor air of houses.
Toxicol. Ind. Health 6 (1990) 133-145.
Vermorel-Faure, O., Lebeau,
B.,Malleret, M.R., Michallet, M., Brut, A., Ambroise-Thomas, P., Grillot,
R., Risque fongique alimentaire au cours de l'agranulocytose. Controle
mycologique de 273 aliments proposés à des malades hospitalisés en secteur
stérile, La Presse Médicale 22 (1993) 157-160.
Vleggaar, R., Steyn, P.S., Nagel,
D.W., Constitution and absolute configuration of austdiol, the main toxic
metabilite from Aspergillus ustus. J. Chem. Soc. [Perkin 1] 1(1974)
45-49.
Volkmann-Kohlmeyer, B., and
Kohlmeyer, J., How to prepare truly permanent microscopic slides. The
Mycologist 10 (1996)107-108.
Walsh, T.J. and Dixon, D.M.
Nosocomial aspergillosis: environmental microbiology, hospital
epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. Eur. J. Epidemiol. 5 (1989)
131-142.
Woods GL, Davis JC, Vaughan WP.,
Failure of the sterile air-flow component of a protected environment
detected by demonstration of Chaetomium species colonization of four
consecutive immunosuppressed occupants. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol,
10(1988)451-456.
Yoshimura, I., Lichen Flora of
Japan in Colour, Hoikusha Publ. Co., Osaka. 349 pp. Está en Japonés pero
incluye muchas ilustraciones.
Zak, J.C., and Wicklow, D.T.,
Response of carbonicolous Ascomycetes to aerated steam temperatures and
treatment intervals. Canad. J. Bot 56 (1978) 2313-2318.